Free Guide
Free Guide for Choosing Suitable Mining Equipment
When it comes to choosing mining equipment there are many variables involved. The types, structures, production, and configuration of mining equipment are diverse. If you want to know from what types of mining equipment are available, the raw material they can process, their proper and safe operating procedures to researching brands and purchasing better mining equipment manufacturers for supply, service, and maintenance. This free guide will provide you with all the information you are looking for and then some.
1. Common mining equipment and its different applications, benefits
There are many different types of mining equipment, while the most common include: crushing and sand making equipment, grinding equipment, mineral processing plants, etc. Each type of equipment we offer has its own characteristic products, unique application fields, and benefits.
Characteristic products of crushing equipment
| Crusher Types | Applicable materials | Working principle | Advantages |
| Jaw crusher | Jaw crusher is mainly used for coarse, medium, and fine crushing of various ores and rocks with compressive strength of 147-245mpa, such as granite, river pebble, basalt, iron ore, limestone, quartzite, coal gangue, construction waste, etc. | When the jaw crusher is working, the movable jaw plate periodically reciprocates against the fixed jaw plate, sometimes approaches, and sometimes leaves. When approaching, the material is crushed by extrusion, splitting, and impact between the two jaw plates; when leaving, the crushed material is discharged from the discharge port by gravity. |
>The crushing chamber adopts a symmetrical "V" shape structure and is equipped with a wedge discharge opening adjustment device, which is conducive to quick and convenient adjustment of the discharge opening. >The flywheel design and the integrated structure of the motor base and the main engine can save the occupied space and reduce the cost of use. >It is composed of high-quality steel castings and high wear-resistant toothed plates, which makes the quality more firm and reliable. |
| Cone crusher | Cone crusher is widely used in sand and gravel factory, concrete sand making, dry powder mortar, machine-made sand, power plant desulfurization, and other industries to crush various ores and rocks with medium and above hardness (below 350 MPa), such as calcite, limestone, granite, river pebble, dolomite, bluestone, glass, basalt, iron ore, etc. | When the cone crusher is working, the motor drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the transmission device. The moving cone rotates and swings under the force of the eccentric shaft sleeve so that the crushing wall sometimes approaches and sometimes leaves the surface of the rolling mortar wall, which makes ore is constantly crushed to the required particle size in the crushing cavity by impacting, squeezing and bending and discharged from the discharge port. |
>High technology, safe and reliable quality, and long service life. >Adopting the principle of lamination crushing, which makes the crushed products are mostly cubic structures with few needle-like materials. >The combination of high-performance crushing cavity and high crushing frequency greatly improves the processing capacity of the cone crusher. >The structure is simple, easy to maintain, especially the liner is easy to quickly replace, reducing downtime. >Combination of multiple cavity types to adapt to multiple particle sizes and users can choose according to different needs. |
| Impact crusher | Impact crusher is generally used as secondary crushing equipment, which can handle materials below 800mm and with compressive strength up to 350Mpa, such as river pebble, granite, concrete, basalt, iron ore, limestone, quartzite, etc. it is widely used in various ore crushing, railway, highway, energy, cement, chemical industry, construction, and other industries. | Under the action of high-speed centrifugal force, the stone material directly falls into the high-speed rotating turntable from the upper part of the machine and collides with another part of flying stones around the turntable in an umbrella manner to produce high-speed collision and high-density crushing. After hitting each other, the stones will form an eddy motion between the turntable and the shell, resulting in repeated hitting and crushing. |
>The impact crusher equipment has no key connection, convenient maintenance, economic and reliable quality. >It has the advantages of complete crushing function, high production efficiency, small wear of machine parts, and high comprehensive benefit. >Large feed inlet, high crushing chamber, high hardness, and large lumpiness of applicable materials, and less stone powder. >The clearance between the impact plate and the hammer can be easily adjusted, so as to effectively control the discharge particle size and make the particle shape better. |
| Hammer crusher | Hammer crusher is suitable for the fine crushing of limestone, slag, gypsum, bricks, coke, coal, or other brittle materials with compressive strength less than 100MPa and moisture content less than 15% in metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, and hydropower industry. | The hammer crusher mainly relies on the impact to crush materials. When working, the material is crushed by the impact of a high-speed rotary hammer after entering the crusher. At the same time, the gravity of the material makes the material rush from the high-speed rotary hammer to the baffle and screen bar in the frame. The material larger than the size of the screen hole is impacted, ground, and squeezed again on the sieve bar by the hammer, so as to be crushed to the required particle size and discharged out of the machine through the screen plate. |
>It has dry and wet crushing forms. >The particle size of the product is uniform and the phenomenon of over-powdering is less. >It has a simple structure, stable operation, a large crushing ratio, and good applicability. >Adopt advanced production technology to realize one-time injection molding, high efficiency, energy-saving, and environmental protection. |
| Vertical Shaft Impact Crusher (Sand Making Machine) | The vertical shaft impact crusher is also called sand making machine, which is widely used for medium and fine crushing of hard and brittle materials such as river pebble, quartz stone, granite, basalt, limestone, calcite, coal gangue, diabase, etc., especially suitable for construction sand and road sand. | The stone material falls directly from the upper part of the vertical shaft impact crusher machine into the high-speed rotary turntable. Under the action of high-speed centrifugal force, the stone materials collide with another part of the stone which is divided around the turntable in the form of the umbrella to produce high-speed impact and high-density crushing. After hitting each other, the stones will form an eddy motion between the turntable and the shell, resulting in repeated hitting, friction, and crushing. After being directly discharged from the lower part, the stone materials are controlled by the screening equipment to achieve the required particle size. |
>The airflow inside the vortex cavity is self-circulating, with less dust and low noise. >During the production process, the stone can form a protective bottom layer and the machine body is wear-free and durable. >The lower end of the main shaft of the vertical shaft impact crusher adopts a special sealing structure, without oil seal and oil leakage, so as to reduce oil consumption. >Combined throwing head design, internal more smooth curve design, coupled with the optimized design of the deep cavity rotor, the material throughput, and capacity is improved. >The vertical shaft impact crusher adopts the crushing modes of "stone striking iron" and "stone striking stone" with uniform particle size, good-looking particle shape, continuous sand grading, controllable powder content, sharp and angular particles, which is conducive to the bonding of aggregate and cement slurry. |
| Mobile crusher | Mobile crusher is mainly used in metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, highway, railway, and other industries that need to be moved for crushing construction waste, river pebbles, granite, basalt, limestone, quartz, iron ore, limestone, and other materials. | The materials are evenly transported to the jaw crusher by the feeder. After the initial crushing of the jaw crusher, the material is sent to the impact crusher by the conveyor for secondary crushing. The crushed materials are screened by a vibrating screen and the materials meeting the crushing requirements are output by conveyor, the materials not meeting the requirements are crushed again by impact crusher, and then a closed-circuit system is formed by circular vibrating screen to realize the circular crushing of materials. The finished materials are output by conveyor for continuous crushing operation. |
Advantages: >The installation form of the structural integration unit eliminates the complicated site infrastructure installation work caused by split components and reduces the floor space. >Modular, intelligent operation design, one person can operate, work more stable, improve the overall output, and directly reach the finished product size with full specifications and good grain size. >Dual power drive, free switching between electricity and diesel, keep in good condition anytime and anywhere. >Without transportation, it can be quickly selected and directly driven to the site, saving a lot of time. |
Classification of Cone Crusher
According to the structure, it can be divided into single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, compound hydraulic cone crusher, Symons cone crusher, full hydraulic cone crusher, spring cone crusher, and multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher.
Factors affecting the production capacity of vertical shaft impact crusher
>Composition of material: the more fine powder in the material, the more impact on crushing, because the fine powder is easy to adhere to and affects transportation. Therefore, the fine powder should be screened out from the material as far as possible, so as not to affect the normal operation of the vertical shaft impact crusher.
>The hardness of material: the harder the material, the slower the crushing speed, the lower the capacity, and the more serious the wear on the equipment.
>Material viscosity: the higher the viscosity of the material, the easier it is to adhere to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. If it can not be cleaned in time, it will affect the working efficiency of the vertical shaft impact crusher and even affect the normal operation of the machine in severe cases. Therefore, when selecting materials, we must ensure that the viscosity of the materials is not high.
>The humidity of materials: when the moisture content of materials is large, the materials are easy to adhere in the vertical shaft impact crusher, and it is also easy to cause blockage during the feeding and conveying process, resulting in a reduction in the crushing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the humidity of the material, and use sunshine or air drying to reduce the moisture content in the material.
>The fineness of material after crushing: the finer the particle size of the finished product is, the smaller the crushing capacity. Therefore, if there is no special requirement, the fineness of the material is generally set to medium fineness.
Classification of Mobile Crushers
According to the walking mode, mobile crushing equipment is mainly divided into two categories: tire type and crawler type mobile crusher. In addition, each type of crusher can be assembled freely according to customers' needs, mainly including jaw type tire mobile crushing station, impact type tire mobile crushing station, cone type tire mobile crushing machine, vertical shaft impact type tire mobile crushing station, hammer type tire mobile crushing station and crawler type mobile crushing station. The combination process is simple and convenient, which can effectively realize the unit integration and configuration diversity, and the application scope is more extensive and flexible.
Characteristic products of grinding equipment
| Grinding Types | Applicable materials | Working principle | Features |
| Wet pan mill | Wet pan mills are widely used in cement, silicate products, new building materials, refractories, chemical fertilizer, black non-ferrous metal beneficiation, glass ceramics, and other production industries, for dry or wet grinding of various ores and other grindable materials. The wet pan mill has the advantages of convenient installation and maintenance, small investment, high output, quick effect, and low production cost. It is an ideal equipment for small and medium-sized enterprises in the mining area. | Wet pan mill grinds ores by wheel drive. First, power is transferred from the motor to the reducer, then to the horizontal axis, and finally to the grinding wheel. The wheels can be rotated around the vertical shaft of the wet pan mill and its own shaft while the grinding base remains still. The ore is repeatedly pressed, rubbed, and ground. |
>Equipped with sealing cover to prevent air pollution. >It solves the problem of mixing with similar mixing equipment. >Uniform ratio and low air content improve the molding rate and molding quality. >The product has the characteristics of high density, good strength, no porosity, and heavy proportion; >In the mixing process, there are both mixing and extrusion, which can better remove the air between the material particles and make the water content of the mixed mud uniform. |
| Ball mill | Ball mill is the key equipment for crushing materials after being crushed. It is widely used in cement, silicate products, new building materials, refractories, chemical fertilizer, black and non-ferrous metal mineral processing, glass ceramics, and other production industries. In addition, it is also used for dry grinding of gold, silver, copper, and iron mineral processing, cement, chemical fertilizer, silicate products, refractories, glass, and other grindable materials by dry or wet grinding. | The material enters the first bin of the ball mill evenly from the feeding device through the feeding hollow shaft screw. There are stepped lining plates or corrugated lining plates in the bin, which are filled with steel balls of different specifications. The centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the cylinder will bring the steel ball to a certain height and then fall down, resulting in heavy impact and grinding on the material. After rough grinding in the first bin, the material enters the second bin through a single-layer partition board. The bin is inlaid with a flat lining board and steel balls to further grind the material. The powder is discharged through the discharging grate plate to complete the grinding operation. |
>Ball mill has a wide range of applications, which is incomparable with other ball mills. >The ball mill can effectively avoid noise. Noise is a big problem in the process of grinding ore. Because there will be large noise in the process of contact between mineral ore and ball mill barrel. It is lined with a rubber lining plate and installed with a sound insulation cover to reduce the noise. >The output of the ball mill is high. It adopts the motor with excellent performance and enlarges the diameter of the discharge port, which improves working efficiency and production capacity. >Ball mill is impacted and self-grinding by steel balls and ore itself. It has high ore grinding efficiency, static and dynamic pressure bearings, smoothly and reliably running cylinder, which is convenient for multiple grinding of materials in the cylinder. At the same time, the lubrication device between the large and small gears of the mineral ball mill makes the production efficiency higher. |
| Raymond Mill | Raymond mill is widely used in the high fine milling of dolomite, limestone, potash feldspar, diabase, quartzite, barite, calcite, talc, marble, fluorite, activated clay, activated carbon, bentonite, kaolin, cement, gypsum, glass, and other non-flammable and explosive mineral, chemical, construction and other materials with Mohs hardness no more than 9.3 and humidity less than 6%. | When the Raymond machine is working, the materials that need to be crushed are fed into the machine from the hopper on the side of the machine cover. Relying on the grinding roller device suspended on the main engine plum blossom frame, it rotates around the vertical axis and rotates itself at the same time. Due to the centrifugal force during rotation, the grinding roller swings outward and presses tightly on the grinding ring, so that the shovel blade scoops up the material to be sent between the grinding roller and the grinding ring, and the grinding roller is rolled and crushed to achieve the purpose of crushing the material. |
>With its unique structural design, it takes up less space and is more convenient for transportation, installation, operation, and maintenance. >The whole equipment adopts electrical automation control, which can effectively reduce the failure rate and labor cost, and achieve a good production environment with low noise and less pollution while high production. >The fineness of grinding powder can be adjusted between 80-800 mesh, which is more applicable and is the best choice for grinding non-metallic minerals. >The replacement cycle of grinding roller and ring is long, which effectively solves the problem of short replacement cycle of wearing parts of the centrifugal mill. |
Classification of Ball Mill
Without adding water, the ball mill grinds out the dry powder, which is called a dry ball mill. In the process of mineral processing, water is added to grind the ore slurry, which is called a wet ball mill.
According to different structures, technology, and production mode, it can be divided into overflow ball mill, energy-saving ball mill, wet ball mill, intermittent ball mill, cement ball mill, ceramic ball mill, conical ball mill, etc.
How to distinguish the pros and cons of the wearing parts of the ball mill?
>The wearing parts of the ball mill are mainly the liner. The wear and service life of the liner is related to the use cost and production effect of the ball mill.
>The pros and cons of the liner are mainly viewed from three aspects. Firstly, look at the casting and smelting process of the liner, secondly, look at whether the quenching and tempering treatment of the liner is qualified, and finally look at the material of the liner. At present, the common liner materials on the market include high-chromium cast iron, low-alloy wear-resistant cast steel, high-manganese steel, etc. The three kinds of liners have better wear resistance.
Ball mill purchase skills
>Ensure the production capacity of the ball mill. Under the condition of ensuring the required grinding fineness, the specified output can be achieved.
> The production capacity should be higher than the design. The change of hardness and fineness of ore should be considered in the design. Generally, if the ore in the deep part of the deposit becomes hard or fine, the selected grinding machine should be able to adapt to it and ensure smooth operation in the initial stage.
>It is necessary to do the grinding test, especially for large-scale concentrators. The grinding machine selection calculation and scale-up should be carried out from the basic data obtained.
>The ball mill grinding equipment with a high operation rate should be selected to reduce the maintenance and shutdown time.
>Understand the hardness, grade, and other properties of minerals, and choose energy-saving ball mills as much as possible.
>According to the requirements of the output, choose the appropriate diameter and length of the ball mill.
>Select the modulus of the large teeth and small teeth of the ball mill, the material of the lining plate, and the thickness of the steel plate of the grinding body.
Use and Maintenance of Raymond Mill
>After the Raymond mill has been used for a period of time, it shall be overhauled, and the wearing parts such as grinding roller, grinding ring blade, etc. shall be overhauled and replaced. The connecting bolts and nuts should be carefully checked before and after the use of the grinding roller device to see if there is any looseness and whether the lubricating grease has been added enough.
>When the grinding roller device of the Raymond mill has been used for more than 500 hours, it is necessary to replace the grinding roller and clean the rolling bearings in the roller sleeve. The damaged parts should be replaced in time and the filling tools can be manually filled with fueling pumps and grease guns.
> When the machine is stopped, stop the feeding first. The host continues to rotate so that the remaining materials continue to be ground. After about one minute, the main motor can be turned off, grinding work can be stopped, and then the fan motor and analyzer motor can be stopped.
Characteristic products of Mineral processing line
The mineral processing production line is composed of a jaw crusher, ball mill, spiral classifier, magnetic separator, flotation machine, thickener, and dryer, etc.
Advantages
The mineral processing line has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy, high throughput, and reasonable economy.
| Separation method | Gravity separation | Flotation separation | Magnetic separation | CIL |
| Working Principle | The gravity separation method is based on the difference of relative density (usually called specific gravity) to separate minerals. The mineral particles with different densities are affected by fluid dynamics and various mechanical forces in the moving medium (water, air, and heavy liquid), which results in the appropriate loose stratification and separation conditions so that the ore particles with different densities can be separated. | The flotation method is based on the difference between the physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface. After the flotation agent is processed, useful minerals can be selectively attached to the bubbles to achieve the purpose of separation. The beneficiation of non-ferrous metal ores, such as copper, lead, zinc, sulfur, molybdenum, etc., is mainly processed by flotation; some ferrous metals, rare metals, and some non-metallic ores, such as graphite ore, apatite, etc., are also used for flotation separation method. | Magnetic separation is based on the different magnetic properties of minerals. Different minerals are subject to different forces in the magnetic field of the magnetic separator, so as to be separated. It is mainly used for the separation of ferrous metal ores (iron, manganese, and chromium), and also for the separation of nonferrous and rare metal ores. | The Gold CIL (Carbon In Leaching) leaching process, that is, carbon leaching, is a process that adds activated carbon to the slurry and simultaneously leaches and adsorbs gold. It is the preferred process for modern gold ore dressing. |
2. What are the factors that affect the price of mining equipment?
(Take the crusher as an example)
>The cost of crushing equipment
The cost has a great influence on the price of a product. The cost of the crusher is mainly the price of raw materials for the production of the crusher. At present, the raw materials of crushers are mainly steel, so the market of steel directly affects the price of crushers. If the price of steel increases, the cost of manufacturing the crusher will be increased, and the price of the crusher will naturally increase. If the steel market is in a downturn, the price of raw materials will decrease, and the price of the crusher will also decrease. Of course, if the crusher manufacturer chooses the inferior steel, the production cost of the crusher is low, then the crusher quotation will be lower.
>Crusher configuration and performance
As we all know, the higher the configuration of the crushing equipment, the more complete the standard hardware configuration can create more economic value for users, so its selling price is relatively higher. High configuration and performance require high-tech investment. Therefore, the technology and performance of crusher equipment directly affect the price. Naturally, the price of high performance is higher.
>Crusher brand
Brand value and influence will affect its price. Crusher brand means the comprehensive strength, market share, and customer evaluation of a crusher manufacturer, which will affect the judgment of customers. Customers tend to choose well-known brands, formal and professional manufacturers, because big brands generally have good quality and good service, and the prices of crushers provided will be relatively high.
>Other influencing factors
Other factors mainly refer to the external factors that affect the price of stone crushers, including market conditions, industry specifications, supply and demand status, etc. Only by comprehensively considering these factors and the above, can crusher manufacturers formulate the most competitive price scheme of stone crushers.
And customers need to compare in many aspects when choosing a crusher and can not take the crusher price as the only consideration, After all, choosing the most cost-effective crusher is the ultimate goal.
3. Why choose the mining equipment from Nile Machinery?
>Unique Warehouse Operation System -- To provide the clients with high-quality equipment which they need more conveniently, Nile Machinery has already established a warehouse in Kenya and Sudan and conducted multi-aspect, multi-level, and multi-form cooperation with local governments and banks. Sudan warehouse was founded in 2016 and Kenya warehouse was founded in 2019. Additionally, Nile Machinery has built their own e-commerce platform, erected a bridge for overseas users, achieved the sound development of company business, created great value for their clients, and also have won the trust and cooperation of clients worldwide!
> Professional Technical Team -- Nile Machinery is always paying great attention to technological self-innovation, and has owned and conducted the technological exchanges and strategic cooperation with many upstream and downstream enterprises. Based on technology import and cooperative development, Nile Machinery has not only expanded the technology hard power of crushing, grinding, and mineral processing plants, but also improved the production efficiency and economic benefit, but also promoted the technology soft power of safety management, energy conservation, and emission reduction, green environmental protection, etc.
>Professional After-Sale Services-- Based on experience in mining equipment manufacturing and production requirements of users, Nile Machinery can provide professional after-sale services. On one hand, Nile Machinery arranges technicians to go to the site to guide the installation; on the other hand, after the complete sets of equipment are installed, 1-2 full-time technical staff to stay free of charge to help customers on-site production of 1 month, until the user's satisfaction.
